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Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Scope and boundary 1.2 Concept and history of material flow analysis 1.2.1 Concept and classification of MFA 1.2.2 History and development of MFA 1.3 Biogeochemical cycle 1.3.1 Resource stock 1.3.2 Cycling of elements 1.4 Industrial ecology and anthropogenic metabolism 1.4.1 Industrial ecology 1.4.2 Anthropogenic metabolism 1.5 Motivation and objective for material flow analysis 1.5.1 Motivation 1.5.2 Objective 1.6 Further reading 1.7 Exercises Chapter 2 Methodology of Material Flow Analysis 2.1 Basic term and theory of fundamental science 2.1.1 Basic term and definition 2.1.2 The law of conservation of mass 2.1.3 The law of anthropogenic circularity 2.2 Procedure of material flow analysis 2.2.1 The objectives and system determination 2.2.2 The framework and data inventory 2.2.3 Estimating the unknown data 2.2.4 MFA diagram and its interpretation 2.3 Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis 2.3.1 Data error and distribution 2.3.2 The identified approaches for uncertainty analysis 2.3.3 Mathematic methods for uncertainty analysis 2.3.4 Sensitivity analysis 2.4 Main software of material flow analysis 2.4.1 STAN 2.4.2 e! Sankey 2.4.3 A weh-based approach 2.5 Further reading 2.6 Exercises Chapter 3 Applications and Case Studies 3.1 Resource management 3.1.1 Material flow analysis for metals 3.1.2 Material flow analysis for plastics 3.2 Environmental management for pollution controlling 3.2.1 Anthropogenic phosphorus runoff 3.2.2 MFA of phosphorus in China 3.2.3 Implications 3.3 Industrial manufacturing and production 3.3.1 Qualitative material flow during manufacturing 3.3.2 MFA framework phases 3.3.3 Case study 3.4 MFA for green consumption 3.4.1 MFA for consumption process 3.4.2 Estimating method 3.4.3 Stock and waste generation 3.4.4 Validation 3.5 Waste management 3.5.1 Material flow analysis of mechanical separation treatments 3.5.2 Material flow analysis of incineration treatment 3.5.3 Material flow of China's whole process management of oily sludge 3.5.4 Implications for oily sludge management 3.6 Regional metabolism and management 3.6.1 Concept of regional metabolism 3.6.2 Economy-wide MFA for regional metabolism 3.6.3 Case studies: Regional Metabolism in Beijing 3.7 Further reading 3.8 Exercises Chapter 4 Emerging Methods from Material Flow Analysis 4.1 Life cycle management 4.1.1 Concept from life cycle thinking 4.1.2 MFA as fundamental tool for life cycle management 4.1.3 Implementation of life cycle management 4.2 Life cycle cost 4.2.1 Concept and framework of life cycle cost in an environmental context 4.2.2 The calculation of life cycle cost 4.2.3 Case study: Life cycle cost analysis for recycling high-tech minerals from waste mobile phones in China 4.3 Cost-benefit analysis 4.3.1 Concept 4.3.2 Applying cost-benefit analysis with material flow analysis 4.3.3 Case study: costs-benefits of virgin and urban mining 4.4 Ecological efficiency 4.4.1 Concept of eco-efficiency 4.4.2 Measuring ecological efficiency with material flow analysis 4.4.3 Case study: eco-efficiency analysis of BASF 4.5 Statistical entropy analysis 4.5.1 Concept of statistical entropy 4.5.2 Measuring the recyclability of product waste 4.5.3 Statistical entropy analysis along material flow 4.6 Further reading 4.7 Exercises Chapter 5 The Way Forward 5.1 Evolution of material flow analysis 5.1.1 Materials 5.1.2 Boundary 5.1.3 Environmental effect 5.1.4 Policy analysis 5.2 Emerging technologies and methods in related field 5.2.1 System analysis