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Unit 1

Text A Behavioral Learning Theory 1

Text B Behaviorism in Classroom 6

Supplementary Reading The Audio-lingual Method 12

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Unit 2

Text A Cognitive Theories of Learning 19

Text B Cognitivism in the Classroom 25

Supplementary Reading Using Cognitive Psychology in the Classroom: Approach with Caution 30

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Unit 3

Text A Constructivist Learning Theory 37

Text B Constructivism Teaching Approaches 43

Supplementary Reading Instruction Design of Behaviorism, Cognitivism and Constructivism 49

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Unit 4

Text A Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation 55

Text B Theories of Motivation 61

Supplementary Reading Motivating Students in the Foreign Language Classroom 65

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Unit 5

Text A Effective Learning Strategies 75

Text B Thinking About Thinking: Metacognition 82

Supplementary Reading Six Learning Strategies You Should Share with Students 86

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Unit 6

Text A Learner Autonomy as an Educational Goal 95

Text B Autonomy in the Foreign Language Classroom 101

Supplementary Reading Autonomous Learner Model 107

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Unit 7

Text A Transfer of Learning 115

Text B Lessons for Life: Learning and Transfer 121

Supplementary Reading Ten Ways to Improve Transfer of Learning 126

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Unit 8 Text A How the Internet Changes How We Learn 133

Text B Pitfalls of Online Learning 138

Supplementary Reading Ten Things to Know About MOOCs 143

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Unit 9

Text A Big Data in the Classroom 149

Text B Big Data in eLearning 154

Supplementary Reading Big Data: How Analytics Benefits Higher Education 158

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Unit 10 Text A When VR Meets Education 165

Text B Five VR Trends to Watch in Education 170

Supplementary Reading How VR Can Close Learning Gaps in Your Classroom 174

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Unit 11 Text A Artificial Intelligence in Education 181

Text B The Education Cloud: Delivering Education as a Service 187 Supplementary Reading How Teachers See the Classroom Redefined by the Cloud 193

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Unit 12 Text A Bringing the Maker Movement to the Classroom 201

Text B NuVu Studio as a Makerspace 206

Supplementary Reading How Technology Is Shaping the Future of Education 211

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