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U M MARY & ANALYSIS
 PART II
                   Chapters 1-3
                                       
      The city of Chandrapore, apart from the nearby Marabar
Caves, is unextraordinary. The small, dirty city sits next to the
River Ganges. Slightly inland from the city, near the railway
station, lie the plain, sensible buildings of the British colonials.
From the vantage point of these buildings, Chandrapore ap-
pears lovely because its unattractive parts are obscured by
tropical vegetation. Newcomers, in order to lose their romantic
 image of the city, must be driven down to the city itself. The
 British buildings and the rest of Chandrapore are connected
only by the Indian sky. The sky dominates the whole land-
 scape, except for the Marabar Hills, which contain the only
 extraordinary part of Chandrapore--the Marabar Caves.
       Dr. Aziz, an Indian Muslim, arrives late to his friend
 Hamidullah's house, where Hamidullah and Mahmoud Ali are
 engaged in a debate over whether it is possible for an Indian
 and an Englishman to be friends. Hamidullah, who studied at
 Cambridge when he was young, contends that such a cross-
 cultural friendship is possible in England. The men agree that
 Englishmen in India all become insufferable within two years
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and all Englishwomen within six months. Aziz prefers to hap-
pily ignore the English.
     Hamidullah takes Aziz behind the purdah (the screen that
separates women from public interaction) to chat with his wife.
Hamidullah's wife scolds Aziz for not having remarried after
the death of his wife. Aziz, however, is happy with his life,
and sees his three children at his mother-in-law's house often.
     The men sit down to dinner along with Mohammed Latif,
a poor, lazy relative of Hamidullah. Aziz recites poetry for the
men, and they listen happily, feeling momentarily that India is
one. Poetry in India is a public event.
     During dinner, Aziz receives a summons from his supe-
rior, Major Callendar, the civil surgeon. Annoyed, Aziz bicy-
cles away to Callendar's bungalow. When Aziz's bicycle tire
deflates, he hires a tonga (a small pony-drawn vehicle) and fi-
nally arrives at Callendar's house to find that the major has
gone and left no message. Furthermore, as Aziz is speaking
with a servant on the porch, Mrs. Callendar and her friend
Mrs. Lesley rudely take Aziz's hired tonga for their own use.
     Aziz decides to walk home. On the way, he stops at his
favorite mosque. To Aziz, the mosque, with its beautiful archi-
tecture, is a symbol of the truth of Islam and love. Aziz imag-
ines building his own mosque with an inscription for his tomb
addressing "those who have secretly understood my heart."
     Aziz suddenly notices an Englishwoman in the mosque
and yells at her angrily, for she is trespassing in a holy place
for Muslims. The woman is humble, however, and explains
that she removed her shoes upon entering and that she realizes
that God is present in the mosque. Aziz is impressed. The
woman introduces herself as Mrs. Moore. She is visiting her