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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Breast Cancer 1.1.2 Imaging Modalities 1.2 SPECT Imaging 1.3 Problem Statement 1.4 Aim and Objectives 1.5 Scope and Limitation 1.6 Thesis Contribution CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 The Basic Operations of SPECT Scanner 2.1.1 Radiopharmaceuticals 2.1.2 Collimator 2.1.3 Scintillation Detector 2.1.4 Photomultiplier Tubes 2.1.5 Position Circuits 2.1.6 Image Reconstruction 2.1.7 Correction Techniques 2.2 Monte Carlo Simulation 2.2.1 Theory o{ Monte Carlo Simulation 2.2.2 Work Flow of Monte Carlo Simulation 2.2.3 The MCNP Program 2.3 Applications of Monte Carlo Simulation in Nuclear Medicine 2.3.1 SPECT Imaging System 2.3.2 Collimator Design 2.3.3 Current Work on Modelling the Breast Imager 2.4 Image Filtering Technology for SPECT Imaging 2.4.1 Related Filters 2.4.2 Butterworth Filter 2.5 Summary CHAPTER 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS 3.1 Design of a SPECT Camera Model in the Simulation Environment 3.1.1 Geometrical Structure of SPECT Camera 3.1.2 Construction of Collimator 3.1.3 Position Determination and Blurring Strategy 3.1.4 Image Reconstruction 3.1.5 Model Validation 3.2 Characteristic of Wire Mesh Collimator 3.2.1 Hole Size 3.2.2 Septa Size 3.2.3 Experimental Set-up 3.2.4 Performance Evaluation 3.3 Development of Adaptive Filtering Technique 3.3.1 Choice of Filter 3.3.2 Optimization of Parameters 3.3.3 Formulation of Adaptive Filter 3.3.4 Verification of Proposed Adaptive Butterworth Filter Model 3.4 Summary CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Validation of Simulated SPECT Model 4.1.1 Intrinsic Energy Resolution 4.1.2 Intrinsic Spatial Resolution 4.1.3 System Spatial Resolution and Sensitivity 4.1.4 Tomographic Spatial Resolution 4.2 Performance of Wire Mesh Collimator 4.2.1 Point Source 4.2.2 Extended Source 4.2.3 Breast Phantom 4.3 Development of an Adaptive Filter for Breast SPECT Imaging 4.3.1 Choice of Filter 4.3.2 Optimization of Cutoff Frequency 4.3.3 Formulation of an Adaptive Butterworth Filter 4.3.4 Comparison of the Proposed Adaptive Filter with Others 4.3.5 Verification of Proposed Adaptive Butterworth Filter Model 4.4 Summary CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 5.1 Summary 5.2 Recommendations for Future Works REFERENCES APPENDICES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS