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Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1. Definition of Translation 1
2. Criteria of Translation 4
3. Is Translation Easy? 10
4. Literal Translation vs. Liberal Translation 14
5. Some Translation Theories in the West 18
6. Translatability 22
7. Basic Differences Between English and Chinese 29
Chapter 2 Disparity Between "Corresponding Words" in English and Chinese 37
1. Semantic Range and Classification 37
2. Collocational Meaning 52
3. Colorful Meaning 62
4. The Innocent-Looking Preposition 69
5. Personal Names 75
6. Special Plurals 78
7. Vogue Words 81
Chapter 3 Different Ways of Expressing Actions 93
1. The Verb 93
2. The Noun 103
3. The Preposition 128
4. The Adjective 132
Chapter 4 Different Perspectives Behind the Language 137
1. Nomenclature and Focus 137
2. View of Time and Space 140
3. Specific and General 142
4. Passive and Active 150
5. Negative and Affirmative 160
6. Objectivity and Subjectivity 175
Chapter 5 Texture of the Sentence Structure 183
1. Word Order 183
2. Disjunctive Modifier 188
3. Behind the Parallel Structure: the Conjunction And 190
4. The Conjunction When 202
5. Repetition Word and Word Repetition 203
6. Information Condensed in the Attributive Modifier 207
7. The Relative Clause 222
8. Rhetorical Comparison 228
9. Hypotaxis and Parataxis 232
10. Punctuation 243
Chapter 6 Pragmatics and Translation 245
1. Purpose of Communication 245
2. Communicative Euphemism 250
3. Addressing Terms 255
4. Conventional Greetings 259
5. Stylistic Connotations 260
Chapter 7 Translation as Cross-Cultural Communication 269
1. Cultural Connotation and Idioms 270
2. Some Special Terms 279
3. Culturally Unique Terms 281
4. Trademarks and Advertisements 283
5. Allusions 289
6. Implication of Color Terms 292
Appendix I Key to Exercises 299
Appendix II Recommended Books on Translation 329