1910-1937Äê-ÉϺ£·¨×â½çµÄ¾¯²ì

Acknowledgement£¯1
Abstract£¯3
Introduction£¯1
Chapter ¢ñ¡¡The origin of the police in the French Concession£¯21
¡¡¡¡1¡¡The legal bases of the police in the French Concession£¯21
¡¡¡¡2¡¡Special geography of jurisdictions in Shanghai£¯40
¡¡¡¡3¡¡Urbanisation and new challenges for the police£¯48
¡¡¡¡4¡¡The network of the French Colonial Empire£¯55
Chapter ¢ò¡¡Organisation of the police£¯61
¡¡¡¡1¡¡Control of the police by the French Consul£¯61
¡¡¡¡2¡¡Militarisation and professionalisation of the police£¯70
¡¡¡¡3¡¡Organisations and functions of the police in the 1930s£¯102
¡¡¡¡4¡¡Police costs and revenue£¯106
Chapter ¢ó¡¡The police force in the French Concession£¯113
¡¡¡¡1¡¡A multinational police force£¯11
¡¡¡¡2¡¡Standards of recruitment£¯124
¡¡¡¡3¡¡Training and the courses to become a policeman£¯136
¡¡¡¡4¡¡Salariesandwelfarebenefits£¯140
¡¡¡¡5¡¡Job stability and career£¯171
¡¡¡¡6¡¡A day in the life of a policeman in Shanghai£¯191
Chapter ¢ô¡¡Police and politics: A history of the political section of the police£¯195
¡¡¡¡1¡¡Organisation of the Political Section and its functions£¯195
¡¡¡¡2¡¡The Guomindang and the Chinese communists in the French Concession£¯207
¡¡¡¡3¡¡The Japanese factor£¯223
General Conclusion£¯236


Tables
Table 1.1¡¡Population growth in the three areas of Shanghai, 1865–1937£¯49
Table 1.2¡¡Population in Shanghai’s French Concession, 1865–1936£¯50
Table 1.3¡¡Statistics of male and female population in Shanghai’s French Concession, 1910–36£¯51
Table 1.4¡¡Statistics of reported rape in the French Concession£¯55
Table 2.1¡¡A list of the disputes between the French Consul and the MAC, after which the MAC
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was dissolved£¯62
Table 2.2a¡¡International Settlement of Shanghai£¯73
Table 2.2b¡¡French Concession of Shanghai£¯74
Table 2.3¡¡Comparison of salaries in 1907 and 1908£¯75
Table 2.4¡¡Proposed housing conditions for European policemen£¯76
Table 2.5¡¡Cards established by the French police and SMP, 1911–13£¯77
Table 2.6¡¡Numbers of Chinese and European policemen, 1913–19£¯78
Table 2.7¡¡Criminal gangs arrested from 1920 to 1927£¯85
Table 2.8¡¡Statistics of theft, kidnapping and armed robbery in the French Concession of
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Shanghai£¯85
Table 2.9¡¡Police budge within the Municipal budget, 1911–37£¯107
Table 2.10¡¡Costs of personnel, police equipment, and defence of the concession£¯108
Table 2.11¡¡Infringements of municipal regulations resulting in fines imposed directly
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by the police£¯109
Table 2.12¡¡Cost of hiring a policeman as a watchman£¯110
Table 3.1¡¡The number of European and Chinese policemen, 1871–1906£¯116
Table 3.2¡¡French personnel, 1930–37£¯118
Table 3.3¡¡Native province of the Chinese policemen£¯132
Table 3.4¡¡Professions before entering into the police£¯134
Table 3.5¡¡Salary scale for French personnel of the Municipal Guards in 1920£¯142
Table 3.6¡¡A comparason of salary scales for French personnel of the Municipal Guards in 1934
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and 1920£¯144
Table 3.7¡¡Monthly salaries of policemen in 1913£¯145
Table 3.8¡¡A comparison of monthly salaries of low-ranked policemen, 1911– 37£¯146
Table 3.9¡¡Salaries of the Russian policemen, c.1934£¯147
Table 3.10¡¡A Comparaison of salaries between the employees of Public Works and the Police
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in 1930 and 1931£¯149
Table 3.11¡¡Monthly salaries in the SMP and the Municipal Guards (1896)£¯151
Table 3.12¡¡Salaries of Chinese policemen in the Municipal Guards, 1897 and 1899£¯152
Table 3.13¡¡A comparison of the number of policemen in the two concessions of Shanghai£¯154
Table 3.14¡¡Price index for Shanghai workers£¯155
Table 3.15¡¡Monthly salaries of Chinese and French constables, 1926–37£¯156
Tables 3.16a, b, c¡¡Marriage statistics of French policemen in 1942£¯165
Table 3.17¡¡Comments for a promotion£¯173
Table 3.18¡¡The exam of appointment£¯174
Table 3.19¡¡Chief Sergeant Exam£¯174
Table 3.20¡¡The technical police exam£¯175
Table 3.21¡¡Exam for District Supervisor diploma£¯176
Table 3.22¡¡The years of service for 103 Chinese policemen£¯183
Table 3.23¡¡Reasons for leaving the police force£¯183
Table 3.24¡¡Reasons for the Chinese policemen to leave the police in 1911£¯184
Table 3.25¡¡List of fines on 9 November 1936£¯192
Table 4.1¡¡Comparison of arrests and condemnations of communists in the French Concession£¯219
Figures
Figure 1.1¡¡Crime statistics in Shanghai’s French Concession, 1911–37£¯54
Figure 2.1¡¡The structure of the police force in the 1930s£¯102
Figure 3.1¡¡Range of salaries in the hierarchy of the French Police in Shanghai in 1920£¯141
Figure 3.2¡¡Salary index of Chinese and French constables£¯156
Figure 3.3¡¡Police sickness record (number of days absent)£¯163